如何使用HTML5/CSS3轻松实现网页延迟渐进加载响应式图片

使用progressive-image.js来实现一个延迟加载的渐进图像效果。使用 srcset 新特性来实现响应式图片加载。

html5, image, loading

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CSS
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编译

JavaScript

// progressive-image.js
if (window.addEventListener && window.requestAnimationFrame && document.getElementsByClassName) window.addEventListener('load', function() {

// start
    var pItem = document.getElementsByClassName('progressive replace'),
        timer;

window.addEventListener('scroll', scroller, false);
    window.addEventListener('resize', scroller, false);
    inView();

// throttled scroll/resize
    function scroller(e) {

timer = timer || setTimeout(function() {
            timer = null;
            requestAnimationFrame(inView);
        }, 300);

}

// image in view?
    function inView() {

var wT = window.pageYOffset,
            wB = wT + window.innerHeight,
            cRect, pT, pB, p = 0;
        while (p < pItem.length) {

cRect = pItem[p].getBoundingClientRect();
            pT = wT + cRect.top;
            pB = pT + cRect.height;

if (wT < pB && wB > pT) {
                loadFullImage(pItem[p]);
                pItem[p].classList.remove('replace');
            } else p++;

}

// replace with full image
    function loadFullImage(item) {

if (!item || !item.href) return;

// load image
        var img = new Image();
        if (item.dataset) {
            img.srcset = item.dataset.srcset || '';
            img.sizes = item.dataset.sizes || '';
        }
        img.src = item.href;
        img.className = 'reveal';
        if (img.complete) addImg();
        else img.onload = addImg;

// replace image
        function addImg() {

// disable click
            item.addEventListener('click', function(e) {
                e.preventDefault();
            }, false);

// add full image
            item.appendChild(img).addEventListener('animationend', function(e) {

// remove preview image
                var pImg = item.querySelector && item.querySelector('img.preview');
                if (pImg) {
                    e.target.alt = pImg.alt || '';
                    item.removeChild(pImg);
                    e.target.classList.remove('reveal');
                }

});

}

}, false);

编译

CSS

/* main styles */

*,
*:before,
*:after {
    box-sizing: border-box;
    padding: 0;
    margin: 0;
}
body {
    font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Oxygen, Ubuntu, Cantarell, "Fira Sans", "Droid Sans", "Helvetica Neue", sans-serif;
    font-size: 100%;
    color: #444;
    background-color: #fff;
    overflow-x: hidden;
    overflow-y: scroll;
}
article {
    max-width: 40em;
    padding: 0 4em;
    margin: 0 auto;
}
h1,
h2 {
    font-weight: normal;
    margin-top: 1em;
}
p,
a {
    margin-top: 1em;
}
h2 + p {
    margin-top: 0;
}
ul,
ol {
    margin: 1em 0 0 2em;
}
li {
    margin-top: 0.5em;
}
pre {
    white-space: pre;
    padding: 2px 6px;
    margin-top: 1em;
    background-color: #ddd;
    border-radius: 3px;
    overflow: auto;
}
code {
    font-size: 1.1em;
}
img {
    max-width: 100%;
}
a.primary {
    width: 100vw;
    left: 50%;
    margin-left: -50vw;
}
a.full {
    clear: both;
    width: 100%;
    box-shadow: 0 3px 4px #000;
}
a.boxout1,
a.boxout2 {
    clear: both;
    float: left;
    width: 60%;
    margin: 1em 1em 0 -4em;
    box-shadow: 0 3px 4px #000;
}
a.boxout2 {
    float: right;
    margin: 1em -4em 0 1em;
}
/* progressive image CSS */

a.progressive {
    position: relative;
    display: block;
    overflow: hidden;
    outline: none;
}
a.progressive:not(.replace) {
    cursor: default;
}
a.progressive img {
    display: block;
    width: 100%;
    max-width: none;
    height: auto;
    border: 0 none;
}
a.progressive img.preview {
    filter: blur(2vw);
    transform: scale(1.05);
}
a.progressive img.reveal {
    position: absolute;
    left: 0;
    top: 0;
    will-change: transform, opacity;
    animation: reveal 1s ease-out;
}
@keyframes reveal {
    0% {
        transform: scale(1.05);
        opacity: 0;
    }
    100% {
        transform: scale(1);
        opacity: 1;
    }
}

HTML

<main>

<h1>progressive-image.js demonstration</h1>

<p><code>progressive-image.js</code> implements a lazy-loading progressive image. A very small, blurred image is replaced with the full-resolution equivalent when the element is scrolled into view.</p>

<p>Benefits:</p>

<ul>
            <li>fast loading, high performance, images loaded on view</li>
            <li>supports any image type (JPEG photographs are most appropriate)</li>
            <li>supports responsive images (<code>srcset</code> and <code>sizes</code> attributes)</li>
            <li>small: 1,007 bytes of JavaScript, 463 bytes of CSS (minified)</li>
            <li>any CSS reveal effect can be applied</li>
            <li>no external dependencies - works with any framework</li>
            <li>works in all modern browsers (IE10+)</li>
            <li>progressively-enhanced to work in older browsers</li>
            <li>easy to use</li>
        </ul>

<p>The preview image can be very small - perhaps 20px in width and saved with high JPEG compression. This typically results in an image less than 500 bytes in size. It be added to the page directly or inlined as a data URI using base-64 encoding.</p>

<p>The large image can be any size but should match the preview image's aspect ratio. For example, 20x15 can be scaled to 200x150, 400x300 or 1600x1200.</p>

<h2>Basic example</h2>

<p>The page must load the CSS and JavaScript. It can be placed anywhere on the page but, typically, the CSS is loaded in the <code>&lt;head&gt;</code> and the JS is loaded just before the closing <code>&lt;/body&gt;</code> tag:</p>

<pre><code>&lt;link rel=&quot;stylesheet&quot; href=&quot;css/progressive-image.min.css&quot;&gt;
&lt;script src=&quot;js/progressive-image.min.js&quot;&gt;&lt;/script&gt;</code></pre>

<p>The simplest progressive image is a link to the full-size graphic around the preview. Note the <code>progressive</code> and <code>replace</code> classes on the link and the <code>preview</code> class on the image.</p>

<pre><code>&lt;a href=&quot;full.jpg&quot; class=&quot;progressive replace&quot;&gt;
  &lt;img src=&quot;tiny.jpg&quot; class=&quot;preview&quot; alt=&quot;image&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/a&gt;</code></pre>

<p>If image loading or JavaScript fails, a blurred version of the preview image can be clicked to view the full image:</p>

<p>When JavaScript runs successfully, the large image is revealed when the preview is scrolled into view. CSS3 effects are used to fade and zoom the image:</p>

<p>After replacement, the link click is disabled and resulting HTML will be:</p>

<pre><code>&lt;a href=&quot;full.jpg&quot; class=&quot;progressive&quot;&gt;
  &lt;img src=&quot;full.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;image&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/a&gt;</code></pre>

<h2>Responsive image example</h2>

<p><a href="https://www.sitepoint.com/how-to-build-responsive-images-with-srcset/">Responsive images</a> of differing sizes and resolutions can be defined in the link using the <code>data-srcset</code> and <code>data-sizes</code> attributes which
            map to the standard <code>srcset</code> and <code>sizes</code> attributes, e.g.</p>

<pre><code>&lt;a href=&quot;small.jpg&quot;
  data-srcset=&quot;small.jpg 800w, large.jpg 1200w&quot;
  data-sizes=&quot;100vw&quot;
  class=&quot;progressive replace&quot;&gt;
  &lt;img src=&quot;preview.jpg&quot; class=&quot;preview&quot; alt=&quot;image&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/a&gt;</code></pre>

<p><em>(carriage returns added to aid legibility)</em>
        </p>

<p>On replacement, the image code is transformed to:</p>

<pre><code>&lt;img src=&quot;small.jpg&quot;
srcset=&quot;small.jpg 800w, large.jpg 1200w&quot;
sizes=&quot;100vw&quot;
alt=&quot;image&quot; /&gt;</code></pre>

<p>Modern browsers will load large.jpg on screens of 800px width or greater.</p>

<h2>Usage notes</h2>

<ol>
            <li>The preview and full-size images must have identical aspect ratios, e.g. 20x10 and 1200x600.</li>

<li>Only vertical scrolling is checked. All images in the horizontal plane will be loaded.</li>

<li>Progressive images dynamically added to the page using JavaScript will only be replaced when a scroll or resize event occurs.</li>

<li>You may be able to improve actual or perceived performance using <a href="https://css-tricks.com/data-uris/">data URIs to inline images</a> or <a href="https://daverupert.com/2015/12/intrinsic-placeholders-with-picture/">intrinsic placeholders</a>.</li>

<li>Firefox can struggle when replacing large images and show a noticeable flicker.</li>
        </ol>

</article>

</main>

使用progressive-image.js来实现一个延迟加载的渐进图像效果。使用 srcset 新特性来实现响应式图片加载。

html5, image, loading

编辑器支持Emmet

快捷键

使用progressive-image.js来实现一个延迟加载的渐进图像效果。使用 srcset 新特性来实现响应式图片加载。

html5, image, loading

使用HTML5/JavaScript实现敏捷开发任务板（Scrum板）应用

使用HTML5 Canvas实现仿PS图像油画滤镜特效

编辑器支持Emmet

快捷键

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