SVG和CSS3 mask（遮盖）特性各种使用方式代码示例和详细图解

CSS and SVG clip,clip-path and masks，内含参考教程链接。

css3, svg, mask

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JavaScript

编译

CSS

b {
    font-weight: bold;
}
i {
    font-style: italic;
}
.item--clip .demo {
    width: 200px;
    height: 250px;
}
.item--clip .has-mask {
    position: absolute;
    clip: rect(10px, 190px, 190px, 10px);
}
.item--css-clip-path img {
    -webkit-clip-path: circle(100px at center);
    -moz-clip-path: circle(100px, 100px, 100px);
    clip-path: circle(100px, 100px, 100px);
}
.item--svg-clip-path-svg image,
.item--svg-clip-path-html img {
    clip-path: url(#clipping);
}
.item--css-mask img {
    mask-image: url(https://img-fotki.yandex.ru/get/9492/5091629.9d/0_80e74_9f303e3d_M.png), linear-gradient(-45deg, black 20%, transparent 50%);
    mask-repeat: space;
}
.item--svg-mask-html img,
.item--svg-mask-svg image {
    mask: url(#masking);
}
.item--css-background-clip .demo {
    width: 200px;
    height: 200px;
    background: url(/assets/coolgirl.jpg) no-repeat;
    -webkit-text-fill-color: transparent;
    -webkit-background-clip: text;
}
.item--svg-fill text {
    fill: url(#pattern);
}
.demo,
#clipping,
#masking text {
    font: bold italic 7em/1.5 Georgia;
}
/* Common 
------------------------------------------- */

BODY {
    font: 12px/1.4 "Trebuchet MS", Arial, sans-serif;
}
A {
    color: tomato;
}
H1,
H2,
H3,
H4 {
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    font-family: Georgia, serif;
    line-height: 1.4;
}
H1 {
    position: relative;
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
    padding-bottom: 1rem;
    border-bottom: 1px solid #CCC;
    text-align: center;
    text-shadow: 1px 1px 0 white, 2px 2px 0 #555;
    font-size: 4em;
    font-style: italic;
}
H1:after {
    content: "Live demo";
    position: absolute;
    margin-left: 5px;
    padding: 1px 5px;
    vertical-align: top;
    border-radius: 5px;
    background: paleturquoise;
    white-space: nowrap;
    text-shadow: none;
    font-size: 1rem;
    color: #FFF;
}
H2 {
    padding-bottom: .3rem;
    border-bottom: 1px solid #333;
    font-size: 2.8em;
    color: #333;
}
H3 {
    text-shadow: 1px 1px 0 white, 2px 2px 0 #CCC;
    font-size: 2.5em;
    font-style: italic;
    color: #777;
}
H4 {
    font-size: 1.6em;
    font-style: italic;
    color: #999;
}
code {
    display: block;
    position: relative;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    overflow: auto;
    max-width: 90%;
    padding: 35px 10px 7px;
    border-radius: 5px;
}
.comment code {
    display: inline-block;
    margin: 0;
    padding: 2px 5px;
    vertical-align: middle;
    background: #EEE;
    color: #777;
}
code:before {
    left: 0;
    right: 0;
    top: 0;
    height: 25px;
    line-height: 25.2px;
    padding-left: 10px;
    position: absolute;
    font-weight: bold;
    font-style: italic;
}
.comment code:before {
    content: none;
}
.code--css {
    background: #f7edba;
}
.code--css:before {
    content: "CSS";
    background: #f2e18c;
    color: #8a750f;
}
.code--svg {
    background: #e6f4be;
}
.code--svg:before {
    content: "SVG";
    background: #d6ec93;
    color: #678217;
}
.svg-defs {
    position: absolute;
    width: 0;
    height: 0;
}
.wrapper {
    width: 90%;
    min-width: 500px;
    max-width: 800px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 2rem 0;
    conter-reset: mylist;
}
.wrapper:after {
    content: '';
    display: table;
    width: 100%;
    clear: both;
}
.item {
    position: relative;
    margin-bottom: 2em;
    padding-bottom: 2em;
    padding-right: 3em;
    border-bottom: 1px solid #DDD;
    counter-increment: mylist;
}
.item:before {
    content: counter(mylist);
    position: absolute;
    right: 0;
    top: 0;
    font: 2rem/1 Georgia, serif;
    color: #EEE;
}
.item:after {
    content: '';
    display: table;
    width: 100%;
}
.demo {
    position: relative;
    float: left;
    margin-right: 30px;
}
.demo:before {
    content: '';
    display: block;
    position: absolute;
    z-index: -2;
    top: 0;
    right: 0;
    bottom: 0;
    left: 0;
    background: url(/assets/coolgirl.jpg) no-repeat;
    opacity: 0;
    transition: .7s;
}
.item:hover .demo:before {
    opacity: .4;
}
.text {
    padding-left: 230px;
}
/* Browsers
------------------------------- */

.browsers {
    margin-top: 1.5rem;
}
.browser {
    display: inline-block;
    opacity: .2;
}
.has-support {
    opacity: 1;
}
.browser:before {
    content: "";
    display: inline-block;
    width: 24px;
    height: 24px;
    margin-right: 7px;
    background: url(https://yoksel.github.io/assets/img/sprite-browsers.png) 0 0 no-repeat;
    vertical-align: middle;
}
.firefox:before {
    background-position: 0 0;
}
.chrome:before {
    background-position: -30px 0;
}
.safari:before {
    background-position: -60px 0;
}
.ie8:before {
    background-position: -90px 0;
}
.ie9:before {
    background-position: -90px 0;
}
.opera-13:before {
    background-position: -120px 0;
}
.opera-12:before {
    background-position: -150px 0;
}
.opera-mob:before {
    background-position: -150px 0;
}
.opera-mini:before {
    background-position: -150px 0;
}

HTML

<div class="wrapper">
    <h1>CSS and SVG Masks</h1>
    <div class="item item--clip">
        <div class="demo">
            <img src="/assets/coolgirl.jpg" alt="" class="has-mask" />
        </div>
        <div class="text">
            <h3>CSS clip</h3>
            <a href="https://www.w3.org/TR/2014/WD-css-masking-1-20140213/#clip-property">Specification</a>
            <br />
            <br />
            <code class="code--css"><pre>.item {
  position: absolute;
  clip: rect(10px, 190px, 190px, 10px);
  }</pre></code>
            <ul class="browsers">
                <li class="browser chrome has-support"></li>
                <li class="browser safari has-support"></li>
                <li class="browser opera-13 has-support"></li>
                <li class="browser firefox has-support"></li>
                <li class="browser ie9 has-support"></li>
                <li class="browser opera-12 has-support"></li>
            </ul>
        </div>
    </div>
    
    <div class="item item--css-clip-path">
        <div class="demo">
            <img src="/assets/coolgirl.jpg" alt="" />
        </div>
        <div class="text">
            <h3>CSS clip-path</h3>
            <a href="https://www.w3.org/TR/2014/WD-css-masking-1-20140213/#the-clip-path">Specification</a>
            <br />
            <br />
            <code class="code--css"><pre>.item {
  <del>clip-path: circle(100px, 100px, 100px);</del>
  clip-path: circle(100px at center);
  }</pre></code> Syntax for circle <a href="https://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-shapes/#20130620">was chnaged</a>, to radial gradient syntax

<ul class="browsers">
                <li class="browser chrome has-support"></li>
                <li class="browser safari has-support"></li>
                <li class="browser opera-13 has-support"></li>
                <li class="browser firefox"></li>
                <li class="browser ie9"></li>
                <li class="browser opera-12"></li>
            </ul>
        </div>
    </div>
    
    <div class="item item--svg-clip-path-svg">
        <div class="demo">
            <svg width="200" height="300">
                <image xlink:href="/assets/coolgirl.jpg" width="200" height="300" />
            </svg>
        </div>
        <div class="text">
            <h3>SVG clip-path for SVG elements</h3>
            <a href="https://www.w3.org/TR/SVG11/masking.html#EstablishingANewClippingPath">Specification</a>
            <br />
            <br />
            <code class="code--svg"><pre>&lt;clipPath id="clipping">
  &lt;polygon points="98.4999978 153.75..."/>
&lt;/clipPath></pre></code>
            <code class="code--css"><pre>.item {
  clip-path: url(#clipping);
  }</pre></code>
            <ul class="browsers">
                <li class="browser chrome has-support"></li>
                <li class="browser safari has-support"></li>
                <li class="browser opera-13 has-support"></li>
                <li class="browser firefox has-support"></li>
                <li class="browser ie9 has-support"></li>
                <li class="browser opera-12 has-support"></li>
            </ul>
        </div>
    </div>
    
    <div class="item item--svg-clip-path-html">
        <div class="demo">
            <img src="/assets/coolgirl.jpg" alt="" />
        </div>
        <div class="text">
            <h3>SVG clip-path for HTML elements</h3>
            <a href="https://www.w3.org/TR/2014/WD-css-masking-1-20140213/#svg-clipping-paths">Specification</a>
            <br />
            <br />
            <code class="code--svg"><pre>&lt;clipPath id="clipping">
  &lt;polygon points="98.4999978 153.75..."/>
&lt;/clipPath></pre></code>
            <code class="code--css"><pre>.item {
  clip-path: url(#clipping);
  }</pre></code>
            <ul class="browsers">
                <li class="browser chrome has-support"></li>
                <li class="browser safari"></li>
                <li class="browser opera-13 has-support"></li>
                <li class="browser firefox has-support"></li>
                <li class="browser ie9"></li>
                <li class="browser opera-12"></li>
            </ul>
        </div>
    </div>

<div class="item item--css-mask">
        <div class="demo">
            <img src="/assets/coolgirl.jpg" alt="" />
        </div>
        <div class="text">
            <h3>CSS mask-image</h3>
            <a href="https://www.w3.org/TR/2014/WD-css-masking-1-20140213/#the-mask-image">Specification</a>
            <br />
            <br />
            <code class="code--css"><pre>.item {
  mask-image: url(YOUR.png), 
                    linear-gradient(-45deg,
                        rgba(0,0,0,1) 20%, rgba(0,0,0,0) 50%);
  mask-repeat: space;
  }</pre></code> Mask image: <a href="/assets/coolgirl.jpg">PNG</a>
            <ul class="browsers">
                <li class="browser chrome has-support"></li>
                <li class="browser safari has-support"></li>
                <li class="browser opera-13 has-support"></li>
                <li class="browser firefox has-support"></li>
                <li class="browser ie9"></li>
                <li class="browser opera-12"></li>
            </ul>
        </div>
    </div>
    
    <div class="item item--svg-mask-svg">
        <div class="demo">
            <svg width="200" height="300">
                <image xlink:href="/assets/coolgirl.jpg" width="200" height="300" />
            </svg>
        </div>
        <div class="text">
            <h3>SVG mask for SVG elements</h3>
            <a href="https://www.w3.org/TR/SVG11/masking.html#Masking">Specification</a>
            <br />
            <br />
            <code class="code--svg"><pre>&lt;mask id="masking" maskUnits="objectBoundingBox" 
  maskContentUnits="objectBoundingBox">
  &lt;rect y="0" width="1" height="1" fill="url(#gradient)" />
  &lt;circle cx=".5" cy=".5" r=".4" fill="gray" />
  &lt;circle cx=".5" cy=".5" r=".3" fill="white" />
  ...
&lt;/mask></pre></code>
            <code class="code--css"><pre>.item {
  mask: url(#masking);
  }</pre></code>
            <ul class="browsers">
                <li class="browser chrome has-support"></li>
                <li class="browser safari has-support"></li>
                <li class="browser opera-13 has-support"></li>
                <li class="browser firefox has-support"></li>
                <li class="browser ie9 has-support"></li>
                <li class="browser opera-12 has-support"></li>
            </ul>
        </div>
    </div>
    
    <div class="item item--svg-mask-html">
        <div class="demo">
            <img src="/assets/coolgirl.jpg" alt="" />
        </div>
        <div class="text">
            <h3>SVG mask for HTML elements</h3>
            <a href="https://www.w3.org/TR/2014/WD-css-masking-1-20140213/#the-mask-image">Specification</a>
            <br />
            <br />
            <code class="code--svg"><pre>&lt;mask id="masking" maskUnits="objectBoundingBox" 
  maskContentUnits="objectBoundingBox">
  &lt;rect y="0" width="1" height="1" fill="url(#gradient)" />
  &lt;circle cx=".5" cy=".5" r=".4" fill="gray" />
  &lt;circle cx=".5" cy=".5" r=".3" fill="white" />
  ...
&lt;/mask></pre></code>
            <code class="code--css"><pre>.item {
  mask: url(#masking);
  }</pre></code>
            <ul class="browsers">
                <li class="browser chrome"></li>
                <li class="browser safari"></li>
                <li class="browser opera-13"></li>
                <li class="browser firefox has-support"></li>
                <li class="browser ie9"></li>
                <li class="browser opera-12"></li>
            </ul>
        </div>
    </div>

<div class="item item--css-background-clip">
        <div class="demo">
            Text
        </div>
        <div class="text">
            <h3>background-clip</h3>
            <a href="https://www.webkit.org/blog/164/background-clip-text/">Documentation</a>
            <br />
            <br />
            <code class="code--css"><pre>.item {
  background: url(YOUR IMAGE) no-repeat;
  -webkit-text-fill-color: transparent;
  -webkit-background-clip: text;
  }</pre></code>
            <ul class="browsers">
                <li class="browser chrome has-support"></li>
                <li class="browser safari has-support"></li>
                <li class="browser opera-13 has-support"></li>
                <li class="browser firefox has-support"></li>
                <li class="browser ie9"></li>
                <li class="browser opera-12"></li>
            </ul>
        </div>
    </div>
    
    <div class="item item--svg-fill">
        <div class="demo">
            <svg width="200" height="200">
                <text x="0" y="1em">Text</text>
            </svg>
        </div>
        <div class="text">
            <h3>SVG fill</h3>
            <a href="https://www.w3.org/TR/SVG/painting.html#FillProperties">Specification</a>
            <br />
            <br />
            <div class="comment">Not real mask, but looks like <code>-webkit-background-clip: text;</code> and has much better support.</div>
            <br />
            <br />
            <code class="code--svg"><pre>&lt;pattern id="pattern" patternUnits="userSpaceOnUse"
             width="200" height="300" viewbox="0 0 200 300">
  &lt;image xlink:href="YOUR IMAGE" width="200" height="300" />
&lt;/pattern></pre></code>
            <code class="code--css"><pre>text {
  fill: url(#pattern);
  }</pre></code>
            <ul class="browsers">
                <li class="browser chrome has-support"></li>
                <li class="browser safari has-support"></li>
                <li class="browser opera-13 has-support"></li>
                <li class="browser firefox has-support"></li>
                <li class="browser ie9 has-support"></li>
                <li class="browser opera-12 has-support"></li>
            </ul>
        </div>
    </div>
</div>

CSS and SVG clip,clip-path and masks，内含参考教程链接。

css3, svg, mask

编辑器支持Emmet

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CSS and SVG clip,clip-path and masks，内含参考教程链接。

css3, svg, mask

使用SVG和CSS3 mask特性实现的文本内视频遮罩特效

在SVG中使用GIF图片来做遮掩（mask）特效

编辑器支持Emmet

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