three.js教程：如何把html元素（如文本）和3D对象对齐

html元素和3D对象之间的对齐（alignment）常用于给3d对象添加标识和说明文本，比如3D地图中的地名、场所的标注解释等。本例实现了遮挡检测和z-index排序。

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JavaScript

编译

CSS

body {
    margin: 0;
}
#c {
    width: 100%;
    /* let our container decide our size */
    
    height: 100%;
    display: block;
}
#container {
    position: relative;
    /* makes this the origin of its children */
    
    width: 100vw;
    height: 100vh;
    overflow: hidden;
}
#labels {
    position: absolute;
    /* let us position ourself inside the container */
    
    z-index: 0;
    /* make a new stacking context so children don't sort with rest of page */
    
    left: 0;
    /* make our position the top left of the container */
    
    top: 0;
    color: white;
}
#labels>div {
    white-space: nowrap;
    position: absolute;
    /* let us position them inside the container */
    
    left: 0;
    /* make their default position the top left of the container */
    
    top: 0;
    cursor: pointer;
    /* change the cursor to a hand when over us */
    
    font-size: large;
    user-select: none;
    /* don't let the text get selected */
    
    text-shadow:
    /* create a black outline */
    
    -1px -1px 0 #000, 0 -1px 0 #000, 1px -1px 0 #000, 1px 0 0 #000, 1px 1px 0 #000, 0 1px 0 #000, -1px 1px 0 #000, -1px 0 0 #000;
}
#labels>div:hover {
    color: red;
}

HTML

<div id="container">
  <canvas id="c"></canvas>
  <div id="labels"></div>
</div>
  
<script type="module">
import * as THREE from '//techbrood.com/threejs/build/three.module.js';
import {OrbitControls} from '//techbrood.com/threejs/examples/jsm/controls/OrbitControls.js';

function main() {
  const canvas = document.querySelector('#c');
  const renderer = new THREE.WebGLRenderer({canvas});

const fov = 75;
  const aspect = 2;  // the canvas default
  const near = 1.1;
  const far = 20;
  const camera = new THREE.PerspectiveCamera(fov, aspect, near, far);
  camera.position.z = 7;

const controls = new OrbitControls(camera, canvas);
  controls.target.set(0, 0, 0);
  controls.update();

const scene = new THREE.Scene();

{
    const color = 0xFFFFFF;
    const intensity = 1;
    const light = new THREE.DirectionalLight(color, intensity);
    light.position.set(-1, 2, 4);
    scene.add(light);
  }

const boxWidth = 1;
  const boxHeight = 1;
  const boxDepth = 1;
  const geometry = new THREE.BoxGeometry(boxWidth, boxHeight, boxDepth);

const labelContainerElem = document.querySelector('#labels');

function makeInstance(geometry, color, x, name) {
    const material = new THREE.MeshPhongMaterial({color});

const cube = new THREE.Mesh(geometry, material);
    scene.add(cube);

cube.position.x = x;

const elem = document.createElement('div');
    elem.textContent = name;
    labelContainerElem.appendChild(elem);

return {cube, elem};
  }

const cubes = [
    makeInstance(geometry, 0x44aa88,  0, 'Aqua'),
    makeInstance(geometry, 0x8844aa, -2, 'Purple'),
    makeInstance(geometry, 0xaa8844,  2, 'Gold'),
  ];

function resizeRendererToDisplaySize(renderer) {
    const canvas = renderer.domElement;
    const width = canvas.clientWidth;
    const height = canvas.clientHeight;
    const needResize = canvas.width !== width || canvas.height !== height;
    if (needResize) {
      renderer.setSize(width, height, false);
    }
    return needResize;
  }

const tempV = new THREE.Vector3();
  const raycaster = new THREE.Raycaster();

function render(time) {
    time *= 0.001;

if (resizeRendererToDisplaySize(renderer)) {
      const canvas = renderer.domElement;
      camera.aspect = canvas.clientWidth / canvas.clientHeight;
      camera.updateProjectionMatrix();
    }

cubes.forEach((cubeInfo, ndx) => {
      const {cube, elem} = cubeInfo;
      const speed = 1 + ndx * .1;
      const rot = time * speed;
      cube.rotation.x = rot;
      cube.rotation.y = rot;

// get the position of the center of the cube
      cube.updateWorldMatrix(true, false);
      cube.getWorldPosition(tempV);

// get the normalized screen coordinate of that position
      // x and y will be in the -1 to +1 range with x = -1 being
      // on the left and y = -1 being on the bottom
      tempV.project(camera);

// ask the raycaster for all the objects that intersect
      // from the eye toward this object's position
      raycaster.setFromCamera(tempV, camera);
      const intersectedObjects = raycaster.intersectObjects(scene.children);
      // We're visible if the first intersection is this object.
      const show = intersectedObjects.length && cube === intersectedObjects[0].object;

if (!show || Math.abs(tempV.z) > 1) {
        // hide the label
        elem.style.display = 'none';
      } else {
        // unhide the label
        elem.style.display = '';

// convert the normalized position to CSS coordinates
        const x = (tempV.x *  .5 + .5) * canvas.clientWidth;
        const y = (tempV.y * -.5 + .5) * canvas.clientHeight;

// move the elem to that position
        elem.style.transform = `translate(-50%, -50%) translate(${x}px,${y}px)`;

// set the zIndex for sorting
        elem.style.zIndex = (-tempV.z * .5 + .5) * 100000 | 0;
      }
    });

renderer.render(scene, camera);

requestAnimationFrame(render);
  }

requestAnimationFrame(render);
}

main();

</script>

html元素和3D对象之间的对齐（alignment）常用于给3d对象添加标识和说明文本，比如3D地图中的地名、场所的标注解释等。本例实现了遮挡检测和z-index排序。

three, webgl, text

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html元素和3D对象之间的对齐（alignment）常用于给3d对象添加标识和说明文本，比如3D地图中的地名、场所的标注解释等。本例实现了遮挡检测和z-index排序。

three, webgl, text

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